Blog Archive

Friday, April 6, 2018

Lean On Me

***For your final reading reflection of first 9 weeks, tell me about at least 3 texts
you have read, and explain how those texts relate to each other based on an
argument/generalization that connects all 3. (Tip: come up with an abstract idea
FIRST and extend it to become a generalization.) If you have read fewer than
3 books of your own choice, you may include The Crucible or The Narrative of
the Life of Frederick Douglass. The key to connecting texts is to focus on
generalizations the author develops; then use specific details from the book to
support your general points. This reflection pushes you to recall book details but to
do so with a focus on the "big picture" of understanding an author's argument
about life and about humanity. You do NOT need text quotes, but be specific
in your details. See example below:



We are a nation that believes in the death penalty, in zero tolerance measures,
in good vs. evil. We love to cast groups into the role of evil (witches, Communists,
immigrants, deranged psychos). The ability to draw a line between who’s worthy
and who’s unworthy lets us sit secure in our sense of belonging and moral righteousness.
But this habit denies the idea of redemption and self-improvement. All people have
the power to redeem themselves if others will acknowledge their suffering, provide them
guidance, and offer them love.
Children who are born into treacherous circumstances are particularly susceptible to
being labeled as delinquents or incorrigibles. Most of us would not survive the circumstances
some kids grow up with, yet we have no problem demonizing them and punishing them
as adults. We should realize that even these children can be helped if only someone
will treat them as struggling human beings instead of as criminals. In lawyer Bryan
Stevenson’s memoir Just Mercy, he recounts his work with death row inmates who are
accused and convicted with limited or biased evidence.  As his workload grows and his
reputation spreads, felons convicted as children begin to reach out to him and seek to
have their life sentences overturned. Though Stevenson is reluctant at first, wishing to
focus his energies on unjust death row convictions, once he meets some of these
juvenile offenders (most of whom are now adults), he cannot say no to their requests.  
He tells the story of a young boy who shot his abusive stepfather when he was only
fourteen. The boy’s “victim” had beaten the boy’s mother almost to death as the boy
helplessly watched and then turned his anger on the boy; fearful that his mother would
not survive the next attack, the boy killed the stepfather while he was in a drunken stupor.
A reasonable lawyer might have fought the case with a suggestion of self-defense, but poor
people often lack access to reputable legal representation, and the boy’s lawyer provided
little defense on his behalf. By the time Stevenson met the boy, now a man, he was someone
crippled by the system, who recognized the wrong he had done but didn’t understand why
he should spend his life paying for a desperate attempt to save his mother and himself.  
Stevenson points out the high cost of imprisoning such offenders, but more importantly,
he notes the inhumane notion of taking someone’s life away at such a young age, condemning
him to life behind bars in a cement cellblock. Until we see struggling kids living lives of violence
and hidden suffering as people who need our help rather than as unsalvageable casualties
who become victims of a cruel cycle,we fail to show true compassion and wisdom.
When we do allow struggling teens to leave the confines of jail, our system offers limited
opportunities for these kids to change the course of their lives; however, changing their
ways is a struggle, and the people who try to help them have to believe that these kids can
find redemption with patient, consistent guidance. Ron Suskind worked as a teacher in an
island school in Maine where teens lived full-time in small groups to receive life skills and
academic education.  Suskind describes his work in his memoir, Crossing the Water. Suskind
himself grew up in a single-mother household after his father deserted the family, and with little
money, he and his mother lived in some rough neighborhoods where Suskind developed a
violent temper and a distrust of other people. As he works with boys who have similar
backgrounds, he struggles to remind himself of what he became, a college graduate with
a keen interest in literature.  He recounts the rebellious responses he receives when he presents
poetry to the boys, and he describes their willful attempts to make him feel intimidated. In
trying to help them, he experiences great frustrations and has to constantly remind himself
that these boys, like him, can grow past their anger and their defiance, but the process takes
time and patience. Suskind also offers brief glimpses of his hope for the boys, one boy in
particular who describes himself as “lost” because he knows he shouldn’t go back to this
“street” ways, but he also doesn’t know any other way to live. Changing another person’s
basic way of viewing the world is difficult even when that person is still young, but Suskind
sees the boy’s awareness of his difficult choices as a sign that he is ready and willing to change.
For anyone, the first step to redemption is to reject past behavior and to try to do something
different.  
For the boys at the island school and the hopeless men in prison, the guidance of someone
else, a lawyer or a teacher, can provide the spark to improve their lives. Beyond guidance,
love and forgiveness can also lead someone on the path to redemption. In The Language of
Flowers by Vanessa Diffenbaugh, the main character is haunted by some dreadful mistake
she made in her past. As a foster child, she was moved from home to home, often suffering
neglect or outright abuse that made her lose trust for basically all other humans. The book covers
her life in flashbacks, recounting her struggles as a child and introducing a character named
Elizabeth who actually treated her well and wanted to adopt her; however, in the present,
Victoria is eighteen and on her own without any contact with Elizabeth, and she is still fearful
of trusting others as she seems to believe she is not worthy of friendship or love due to some
tragedy involving Elizabeth that she will not reveal. When she begins working for a florist using
knowledge she gained from Elizabeth, she also begins to come out of her shell and to try to
interact with the world again.  Nonetheless, she keeps Renata, the understanding florist, at
a distance, never telling her about her past or how she has been living on the streets. Only
when she encounters a mysterious flower vendor who seems to show a special interest in
Victoria does Victoria start to let down her guard. Victoria’s past is linked to the flower vendor’s,
and with his kind affection, Victoria starts to revisit her past and acknowledge her tragic mistakes.
By admitting her mistakes, Victoria finds the strength to move past them and to believe
that she can be a person worthy of love. The vendor, rather than playing the role of an
authority figure who helps someone younger, plays the role of equal, the type of people we
all need in our lives as we all crave forgiveness for our flaws and failures. When we receive
the compassion of forgiveness, the trust othersshow us can lead us to live better lives that
make us want to extend that kindness to others.
No human is without flaws and immune to mistakes. When other people believe in our
humanity despite those weaknesses, we can become better human beings, redeemed from
our pasts and ready to face the future.




Thursday, February 8, 2018

Why Can't I Be You?

Instructions Part 1- Progress: Describe your progress for the past couple of weeks (or since the last time we blogged).  What have you finished? What have you started?  What category of book are you currently reading, and why did you pick it? What obstacles/challenges are you confronting? What goals do you have going forward?

As an elementary kid, I discovered my love of reading. Growing up in a small town with little to do (no mall, no Jump Street, no froyo or Starbucks), I found that books let me go somewhere else. I would ride my beloved blue bike downtown to the local public library and load up on books that let me escape. My dad outfitted my bike with a metal clip that would hold almost ten books by the likes of Judy Blume and Beverly Cleary and Madeline L'Engle. (I say almost because I remember the books often flying out of the clip, requiring me to scramble into the street to collect my wayward cargo.) By middle school, I had to settle for 4 or 5 books because they were getting bigger. But high school was where my reading life ended.  I still read what was required (most of the time), but I was consumed in figuring out how to fit in, how to be someone else, how to be someone social and entertaining instead of someone who purposefully lost herself in books.  I bought the right shoes and jeans, I tried hard to master the big bangs and hair flips of the 80s, and I watched endless videos on MTV.  I wanted to be who everyone else was, and I lost who I wanted to be. College brought my reading self back out of hiding. Surrounded by other kids who liked reading and liked school,  I was able to embrace my inner nerd again.

Eventually I majored in English and theater, and I've never looked back. I read constantly - sometimes for long stretches, like during a recent two and a half hour flight when I read all of The Color of Water. This memoir by an African American man who was raised by a white mother (who raised 12 kids - 12 - I can barely keep us with 2) was 287 pages, but it was fast and easy to read because he narrated his story as a series of interesting ups and downs leading him to accept who he was and who his mother was.  I picked this one because people in my AP Language Facebook group (I told you I'm a nerd) recommended it as a great American memoir - they were right. I'm now 160 pages into Hillbilly Elegy, another memoir about a self-proclaimed hillbilly from Appalachia who explains how much he longed to be "normal" throughout his unpredictable and wild youth. (Spoiler alert: he eventually accepts his roots and becomes an author.) A former student told me about Hillbilly Elegy, saying that it helped him understand "Trump voters." That made me curious. These books both feature men who grew up in situations made difficult by a world that judges them for who they are.  The thing is, I was a white, middle class, Midwestern girl with little working against me, yet as a kid, I also hungered to be more like everyone else.  So while I'm not black, I'm not from poverty, and I'm not a hillbilly, I can relate to the idea of wanting a new identity and wanting to be something I'm not.  Letting go of that drive is perhaps one of the hardest things we do in life. (Note: since I started writing this, I've also read and finished Where'd You Go Bernadette, a comedy/mystery novel with 326 pages, and 112 pages of Just Mercy, a memoir by a lawyer who works with inmates on death row to seek exonerations or stays of execution.)

Instructions Part 2 - Respond to the text, don't summarize.  Discuss what stood out to you, how the information changed your thinking, what it made you wonder about.  Include at least 2 text references in this section, including page citation, that are at least 50 pages apart, and make sure you explain the effect/value of the text sections you quote.

J.D. Vance writes Hillbilly Elegy with an interesting mix of fondness and criticism for the places he calls home and the people he calls family. Now a successful law school graduate and published author, he can track how he got there and recognize how unlikely his rise was, but part of making that rise came from recognizing that his roots, while teaching him lessons, did not have to define his future. As he explains from the beginning, "My primary aim is to tell a true story about what that problem [poverty/instability] feels like when you were born with it hanging around your neck" (Vance 14). But Vance does not give in to the psychological impacts of poverty; through perseverance and grit, he becomes what others might see as not only normal, but even successful, while also maintaining a link to his Appalachian roots. He describes growing up with his addict mother who keeps moving in with various boyfriends and husbands, and he glowingly portrays his foul-mouthed but devoted grandmother who offers him a stable home to escape to when he finally tires of following his mother. 

Vance's life changes most profoundly when he enlists in the Marines and discovers a world of discipline and integrity, a level of discipline that he carries to college four years later and ends up excelling at Ohio State. Suddenly he doesn't have to wish to be someone else.  He IS someone else, a fact that makes him feel separate from his friends in a small industrial town, and he begins to see the people around him in a new light. While he has gone on to college and is now preparing for Yale Law School, the people from his hometown are still trapped in a tragic cycle of poverty with no clear plan for change. He recognizes in their despair "a cultural movement in the white working class to blame problems on society or the government," and though he sympathizes with their sense of hopelessness, he understands that their need to blame someone offers no solutions (156). Instead, it keeps them stuck in an endless cycle of "detachment that has sapped so many" of any hope for the future (157).  If society is rigged, how can someone from the lower rungs of the social ladder ever hope to climb? 

Instructions Part 3 - Make a connection to an outside source based on a core idea in the book that caught your interest.  Make sure you link the connection, discuss details from the source, and cite it along with the book. 

But Vance found a way, and the most he offers in the way of solutions or advice is to accept one's past but to also set high expectations for the future and then work toward those expectations. That's a great lesson for all of us, and those expectations start by looking inside ourselves rather than looking at those around us.  We can't set our expectations by wishing to be someone else. I can't wish to teach like Mr. Stroud or run like Coach Capeau. I have to set my goals based on my potential. Many current conversations discuss the role social media plays in the comparison game.  When we see people we know traveling somewhere exotic, celebrating a high score, or just looking adorable, do we feel glad for them, or do we turn those glories into our failures? In an article in Psychology Today, Deborah Carr, Ph.D., says that "our desire to compare ourselves to others is a drive - one almost as powerful as thirst or hunger" (Carr). She advocates for "temporal comparison" as a replacement for comparison to others, describing the method as a way to compare ourselves to who we were in the past or to who we want to be in the future.  If I see another runner posting a great race time that I'll never achieve (I just can't run five-minute miles - not one, let alone thirteen), I have to frame my goals around reasonable possibilities. Can I run eight-minute miles.  Yes, if I work at it, and then I can feel satisfied when I meet that goal instead of forever reaching for the unattainable. Carr specifically notes the tragic suicide rate at some highly competitive colleges, where endless comparisons to others take their toll.  

The problem is that changing our mindset, like Vance trying to change the dangerous habits of his youth, is an ongoing and constant process, one we have to consciously work at if we're caught in the comparison game. Carr offers three tips to help people: recognize that "perfection is an illusion," accept that we are on an "uneven playing field," and support friends rather than envying them (Carr). When we stop wishing to be someone else, we can learn to be our best selves. 

Instructions Part 4 - Cite your sources. Use Purdue Owl to figure out citation format.  Most of you will need book and electronic resource citations.  Pay attention to italics, quotation marks, commas, etc.

Vance, J.D. Hillbilly Elegy. Harper Collins, 2016. 

Carr, Deborah, Ph.D. "3 Reasons to Stop Comparing Yourself to Others." Psychology Today. 15 August 
        2008,  https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/bouncing-back/201508/3-reasons-stop-comparing-
        yourself-others. 1 Feb. 2018.  



Thursday, September 28, 2017

The Winner Takes It All

Instructions Part 1- Progress: Describe your progress for the past couple of weeks (since the last time we blogged).  What have you finished? What have you started?  What category of book are you currently reading, and why did you pick it? What obstacles/challenges are you confronting? What goals do you have going forward?

Humanities has messed with my reading - with 100 student papers to score, I'm finding less time than I once had for reading at home.  On the bright side, I'm getting caught up and ready to pick up the pace.  I started the year with an AP classic, The Invisible Man, the one classic given as a summer reading option for AP IV that I hadn't read.  I tried to start it back in May, but with summer approaching, I wasn't ready for such a heavy duty read; I was ready for beach reading.  At 581 pages, it took me three weeks to read the book, and I'm not entirely ready to blog about it.  As I tell my students, some books require a little processing time and maybe some consultation with "expert" sources (hello, SparkNotes).  Using those sources isn't cheating in my mind...unless of course people use it to replace reading the real book (kind of like people who think the movie version serves as a replacement for reading). Also, though I waded through passages in the book that I struggled with, that effort took me to beautiful passages that I wanted to mark and return to and reread.  Reading can be frustrating AND invigorating, all in the same book. At home, I was reading The Sociopath Next Door, a nonfiction title that immediately caught my thirteen-year-old's interest, so I figured I better preview it before I sent her off to 8th grade with such an edgy title.  Since it has only 218 pages, I finished it pretty quickly and decided she can definitely read it, though it may leave her feeling as creeped out as I am by the idea that 1 in 25 people in the world around us operates without a conscience.  Think about that.  Look around you.  1 in 25.

Instructions Part 2 - Respond to the text, don't summarize.  Discuss what stood out to you, how the information changed your thinking, what it made you wonder about.  Include at least 2 text references in this section, including page citation, that are at least 50 pages apart, and make sure you explain the effect/value of the text sections you quote.

Martha Stout, the psychiatrist behind the sociopaths, calls conscience our 7th sense, and she suggests that most of us can't fathom that anyone lacks this sense, so we are easy targets for the sociopaths among us.  Worse than that, sociopaths are often a charming bunch, so many rise to positions of significant power, and according to Stout, "...history shows us that a leader with no seventh sense can hypnotize the group conscience still further, redoubling catastrophe" (Stout 59). For the leader without a conscience, building dependence on his leadership also means building fear (often unnecessary fear), which solidifies power at the expense of the very people who need sane, steady guidance. But for a sociopath who feels no concern for others, the only goal is to win - approval, position, respect, fear, control.  Whether a sociopath is a world leader or the local dog groomer, she only seeks to have some sort of control over others, and those intentions may not be apparent to the innocent, conscience-normal people in her circle.

Stout shares many anecdotes to highlight the "winner takes all" strategy of sociopaths: from the man who marries a wealthy woman simply to live off her wealth to the woman who purposely manipulates psychiatric patients to make their problems worse, we see how sociopaths can lurk under the radar and cause significant trauma.  What fosters their ability to do so is our own society, which "seems to allow and even encourage me-first attitudes devoted to the pursuit of domination" (Stout 136). We like winners. We applaud the highest-paid CEO and the winningest athletes.  We rank and reward students for being at the top of the GPA or test score ladder. We laud and praise the "superlatives" in high school yearbooks - Most Athletic, Best Looking, Most Likely to Succeed.  We do little to recognize effort or kindness or creative spirit. So does our society create sociopaths?  No, but we sure create a fertile playing ground for their little games.

The same idea came up in my summer reading, The Cheating Culture by David Callahan.  With students constantly bringing up the issue of cheating and how much it causes shifts in grades and rank, I was drawn to this title for answers.  Callahan doesn't have clear cut solutions to the cheating problem, but he offers an explanation for it that relates directly back to Stout's claims about sociopaths. Callahan suggests that otherwise moral people, people who view themselves as kind and decent, will throw morals out the window when it comes to getting ahead.  So if I'm an athlete who wants an edge, I'll take steroids. If I'm a student who wants the top grade, I'll steal a copy of the test.  If I'm someone looking to climb the corporate ladder, I'll falsify my resume. The ways we skirt the system are endless, and we justify such actions by claiming that if everyone else is doing it, then we have no way to thrive unless we play by the same dirty tactics.  That doesn't make us all sociopaths, but it means the sociopath is bound to win in such an environment because such a person feels no remorse or hesitation about the lies/shortcuts/cheap shots used to get an edge over someone else. And when a sociopath wins in such a culture, we all praise such a person for having the secret to success.  We tell ourselves that the secret is motivation and effort, but what if the secret is a cut-throat instinct to cut others down?

Instructions Part 3 - Make a connection to an outside source based on a core idea in the book that caught your interest.  Make sure you link the connection, discuss details from the source, and cite it along with the book. 

I can't help but relate this idea of "winning" to our position as a country.  We all DO want to win. We want to feel good.  We want to be the champion or the high scorer. And as a country, we want to be great, to be  "city upon a hill" that others wish to live in.  We want to vanquish our enemies. We want to be on the cutting edge, leading the world in economics and trade. There's nothing wrong with that. But what if our notion of greatness also had something to do with being kind, decent, humane? What if being "great" also meant being compassionate and generous? Could our greatness be even greater?

As a teacher, I want my students to feel part of a community of learners, to promote each other's success, and to realize that they don't have to achieve by making sure someone else fails.  Competition has a limited role in education - mainly an opportunity to compete against our own best performance and seek to outdo it.  But competition between kids flies in the face of believing that all kids have unique potential and abilities.  Pitting students against someone else's achievement may actually diminish their motivation because as Lucy Clark, an education writer for The Guardian points out, "If they don't win, they lose: they're asked to leave the competition...." (Clark).  Her statement refers to common reality shows, and her concern is that in education, "to leave the competition" would mean to no longer be part of the learning process.  Her concern grows from watching her own daughter get caught up in the competitive part of education, believing that it is natural to compete in all things, like a child "wanting to win a running race," but Clark disagrees, asserting that while "sport bleeds into all our parts of our lives," the structure of sports is not appropriate for school, where people need encouragement to develop skills, not just "win" at the sport of passing tests (Clark). She goes on to celebrate schools with smaller student populations, less focus on grades, and more celebration of learning for learning's sake.  Sadly, our own system can't accommodate that vision, but we can talk about the value of learning, and we can caution against the all-consuming obsession with winning.

Instructions Part 4 - Cite your sources. Use Purdue Owl to figure out citation format.  Most of you will need book and electronic resource citations.  Pay attention to italics, quotation marks, commas, etc.

Citations:
Callahan, David. The Cheating Culture. Harcourt, Inc., 2004.

Clark, Lucy. "So Who Says Competition in the Classroom Is Inevitable?" The Guardian, 9 July
       2016, https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/jul/10/high-stakes-competition-in-the-
       classroom-can-do-kids-heads-in. Accessed 25 Sept. 2017.  (MLA STYLE)

Stout, Martha. The Sociopath Next Door. Broadway Books, 2005.




Thursday, March 30, 2017

Ain't that America

Last 9 weeks was a slow crawl for me through some books, but others flew by.  Contrary to popular belief, English teachers don't love everything they read, and they don't find everything "easy." I still am a glutton for fiction, and though I end up liking nonfiction, I have to force myself to weave it into my reading.  I also struggle sometimes with classics, but there are still so many I have yet to read that I "require" myself to read one every 9 weeks.  Luckily, the one I chose this time was faster than I expected it to be for a monster-sized text.  The books I read this 9 weeks, in order of difficulty, were:

1. If I Was Your Girl 
2. Every Exquisite Thing
3. More Happy Than Not
4. The Impossible Knife of Memory
5. Enter Title Here 
6. Those Who Wish Me Dead
7. And Then There Were None
8. Out of Easy
9. Between Shades of Gray
10. A Whole New Mind
11. Enrique's Journey
12. East of Eden

The hardest one was my favorite because it was such a slice of America. This classic by John Steinbeck captures the need men have to prove themselves TO themselves and to others, and while he never paints a very nice picture of women, his male characters are complex, troubled, and incredibly real.  Even at 601 pages, I read it in two weeks because I needed to know what happened to the brothers battling for the love of their father. Numbers 1-5 were all young adult fiction, and number 6 was a fun adult thriller that Lauren Meltzer loaned me. (Thanks!) Number 7 was a classic mystery, and numbers 8 and 9 were historical fiction by one of my favorite authors, Ruta Sepetys. Finally, 10 & 11 were my nonfiction reads, and as you can see, those rank as harder for me simply because real life doesn't always maintain the fast pace of a well-structured plot. And hey, in America, we like action, we like fast-paced, we like excitement.  You can see where I'm going with my theme for this week, I suppose.  Anyway, my goal is to continue to read an at least one book per week, and I'd like to tackle more multicultural fiction, so I'm starting with the book I'm currently reading, American Street.

I got this book at the NCTE conference because I loved the cover. Again, to correct a common misconception, sometimes you CAN judge a book by its cover. With all its colorful chaos within one lone silhouette, I imagined the book would be packed with internal conflict.  I'm 181 pages into Ibi Zoboi's book after a week, and the main character confronts a cacophony of internal and external challenges. Fabiola is a Haitian girl who has come to live with cousins in Detroit.  While she was born in America and is a legal citizen, her mother first came to America on a work visa and gave birth to her daughter in America because "she wanted to make sure [her daughter] was born American" before she returned with the child to Haiti (91). Unfortunately, in doing so, she overstayed her visa, so upon returning to America after 17 years, she is detained by immigration while Fabiola is left on her own to stay with her aunt and cousins and adapt to life in America. Flirting with boys, learning to wear makeup and short skirts, discovering the world of drug-dealing through her cousin's boyfriend, risking getting mugged in the Detroit streets, she learns that America is not all glamour and safety. Like Haiti, it presents dangers to navigate and tough choices to make, and without her mother, Fabiola does her best to be brave and to keep her Haitian customs alive.  She wonders if she and her mother are being punished for the "Vodou" they do and whether the "lwas [spirits]" are angry for "all the sinful things [she's] done" (76). Though Fabiola's customs seem strange, they are for her a link to home and to her mother, and she holds on to them as her faith and her guidance.  At the same time as she worries about her mother and the power the "lwas" have lover her fate, she has to decide if she will take her fate into her own hands.  When she realizes that her cousin's abusive boyfriend is a drug dealer thanks to a detective who approaches her with a deal, she considers her options, realizing that she "can get this terrible man out of [her] cousin's life for good and get my mother back" (132). For a simple exchange of information, the detective will help clear her mother's immigration case.

And maybe that's what America is to Fabiola - tough choices, difficult decisions, conflicting pressures.  Her cousins want her to learn to be a cool "street" girl; her aunt wants her to become a good student; she wants to fit in but hold on to her home; her mother just wants her to be American.  Like many immigrants, Fabiola's mother believes that America offers the promise a better life, and certainly, although they live in a difficult area of Detroit, her aunt and cousins have far more luxuries than she had in Haiti.  Indoor plumbing, televisions sets, furniture to fill a room - those are American luxuries.  And who can be surprised that people want to come to America to seek such luxury?  Now if you're thinking I'm going to relate all this to the immigration ban or the "wall," you're mistaken.  While those recent events are relevant, I'm more interested in how someone becomes legal.  If Fabiola's mother wants to come live with her daughter and her sister, what will it take? 

Many people don't realize that there are only three legal paths to immigration, as described on this website. Those three paths are employment-based, family-based, and humanitarian reasons.  Each of these is severely restricted both in terms of requirements for qualification and in terms of time.  For many family members, the wait time is anywhere from 5-25 years, and the wait time is constantly growing due to the numbers of people applying. Of course, the country can't allow a large number of people in at anytime, and in many ways, American immigration laws have loosened over time, providing easier access than some countries do, so for someone like Fabiola's mother, the wait is likely to be lengthy. Her daughter has a safe place to live, and she is already seen as a risk due to her previous visa infraction. Also, Haitians are a uniquely large group of people seeking refuge in the U.S. which makes her chances even more slim. This video specifically addresses the needs of Haitians who fled their country following earthquakes and who are now in Mexico waiting to apply for legal entry.  They have no hope in the country they left behind, and they have a long, complex road to legally move to America. They are likely to wait a long time, in limbo, unsure of what their future holds, much like Fabiola's mother. 



We rarely recognize the luxury we have and the reasons people long for our lifestyle.  Even those of us who live the simplest of lives have more than people who leave countries devastated by war, famine, or natural disasters.  So while America may be dangerous urban streets, drug dealers, and materialism, it's also a place other people long to call home. 




"Asylum Seekers Stuck in Mexico en route to U.S." Youtube, uploaded by Al Jazeera English, 30
      September 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43hWltwghPo

"Why Don't They Just Get in Line?" American Immigration Council, American Immigration
      Council, 12 August 2016, https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/why-don
      %E2%80%99t-they-just-get-line

Zoboi, Ibi. American Street. Balzer and Bray, 2017.



Tuesday, February 28, 2017

Just the Way You Are

When you are a parent, you confront an endless battle. No, not the battles you fight with your kids - the battles to make them do homework, to make them eat vegetables, to make them clean their rooms, or to make them say please and thank you.  The endless battle is within yourself and the need to strike a perfect balance between knowing when to push your kids to make them strive harder and when to step back and let them learn for themselves.

We all know the parenting types: the soccer mom who schedules her whole day around her kids' needs, the helicopter parent who hovers and tries to solve every problem, the tiger mom who demands perfection from her children, the "cool" mom who lets kids set their own rules and dictates little.  Most of us don't fit neatly into any of those boxes, and we spend more time than most people imagine hoping that we're not messing our kids up with our own insanity.

Two books I finished since the last blog have me thinking about my own parenting choices and feeling hopeful about how I'm doing.  I picked East of Eden by John Steinbeck because every year I try to conquer a few "classics," and this novel came up as a book club choice on a blog I follow.  I've always loved Steinbeck's other books, and Mr. Stroud raved about this one, so I decided to plunge in. Little did I know it would be such a powerful story of the immense responsibility that goes along with raising children.  In the midst of heavy duty grading season, I did not need a book that would make me regret the time I take from my children, but thankfully, about halfway through I realized that there's no way I'm doing WORSE than the people in the book.  After East of Eden, I needed a quick read, so I chose If I Was Your Girl, a realistic young adult novel about a transgender teen that I picked up at a teacher conference in November. With the "bathroom debate" raging again, and with a close high school friend who is sharing her efforts to help her transgender son adjust, I decided getting more information about trans teens would make me more understanding of the debate we can't seem to escape. Fortunately, the mother and father in If Was Your Girl present a model of accepting, loving parenting and created a nice counterpoint for Steinbeck's struggling characters.

At 600 pages, Steinbeck's novel took me some time and defies quick summary, but in a nutshell, the author revisits the story of Cain and Abel as a parable for all of humankind's fear of rejection from their parents.  The Trask brothers, Charles and Adam, are half brothers who share a father, and Adam is clearly the favored son, the Abel.  But because their father Cyrus favors Adam, Charles targets his half brother and nearly kills him, which causes Cyrus to send Adam away to become a soldier.  Adam endures but is left broken and aimless after his time fighting Native Americans and Mexican soldiers in late 19th century America.  Later, he realizes that "The techniques and training [of the army] were not designed for the boys at all but only to make Cyrus a great man" (20). Disgusted by this realization and recognizing his father as someone who only seeks to better himself through producing valiant sons, Adam vows to be different from his father and rejects a life of order and discipline, a decision that leads him to a life of vagrancy until his father dies. With his father gone, Adam decides to return home and make amends with his brother, who has wallowed in his own guilt for decades.  Adam eventually gets tangled up with a deeply disturbed woman with whom he has two sons of his own, twins.  As if Charles and Adam weren't enough of a pair to recreate the Cain and Abel tension, Steinbeck throws in twin boys, Aron and Cal.  The boys' mother is not part of their lives (too much spoiler potential to explain why), so they vie for their father's affections.

Adam wants to love his sons, but he fears they have evil traits from their mother's genes, and his wise servant Lee tells him, "...not their blood but your suspicions might build evil in them. They will be what you expect of them" (260). Steinbeck sharply criticizes the tendency parents have to try to shape and mold their children. While Cyrus's nurture approach, which pushed Adam to be a "man's man" and to deny his kind disposition, failed miserably, Adam takes the view of "nature" and sees only evil in his sons when they are still infants.  Lee's philosophical view nudges Adam to see his sons for who they might be and to give them time to find their own paths.

The path for each boy is not a smooth one. Much of the novel follows both Aron's and Cal's struggles to find internal peace, as well as acceptance and love.  Lee, again playing the role of philosopher, says, "The greatest terror a child can have is that he is not loved, and rejection is the hell he fears" (268). Those words made me feel better as a parent.  I won't sing my own praises too boldly.  I have a short temper sometimes.  I project my stress onto my children.  Sometimes I'm just distracted and forget to listen to them well.  But I think I've done a pretty good job of making my children feel valued. They are different in glorious ways, and those differences make my life fuller.

So perhaps the best thing parents can do for their children is to love them just the way they are. The book If I Was Your Girl offers two parent characters who do exactly that for their transgender daughter. Again, I don't want to spoil too much plot, but you can guess that the shift from male to female presents many difficulties. Nonetheless, Amanda's parents support her throughout her transition, moving her from Atlanta where she lived with her mom as a boy to a small town to start a new life as her father's daughter.  Looking at her daughter as she leaves, Amanda's mother cries at how much her child has changed, and Amanda fears that her mother regrets approving the transition, but Amanda's mother is crying the tears any mother cries, the tears that come from watching your child grow up.  She explains her tears to Amanda:

"When you were a year old I looked at your baby picture and cried. When you were three I looked at the pictures from when you were one and cried. When you went to kindergarten I looked back and cried. Kids constantly grow and change, and every time you blink they turn into something different and the kid you thought you had is just a memory" (187-188).

That segment captures the experience of parenting when you let your kids become who they are meant to be.  It made me cry. Because no matter what category of mom someone might place me in, I'm a mom who loves watching my kids grow up, yet at the same time, laments each quickly passing day as they grow up to become independent. So I cry over the loss and I cry over the triumph. How many of your parents will cry when you walk the stage at UNT Coliseum next year? Most of those tears will be happy ones, celebrating what a fantastic journey it is to be a parent.  My greatest hope is that my children and my students will know that I admire and respect them no matter who they decide to be. I want to say to them, "you're amazing, just the way you are" (Mars).



Mars, Bruno. "Just the Way You Are - Official Video." YouTube, uploaded by Bruno Mars, 8 Sept.
        2010. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjhCEhWiKXk

Russo, Meredith. If I Was Your Girl. Flatiron Books, 2016.

Steinbeck, John. East of Eden. Penguin Books, 1952.

Sunday, February 26, 2017

I'll Be Your Shelter

I need to book blog again, but I want to offer a quick moment of gratitude for  the goodness of people.  For the last week, I've been preoccupied, thinking about a close friend who discovered just over a week ago that he has brain cancer.  Noah Amland taught with my husband and me. He was the best man at our wedding. He took care of my oldest child while our youngest was on her way. He's our emergency contact for our kids because we don't have family nearby. We have laughed with him, celebrated with him, and enjoyed his company for so many years. The news of his illness is devastating, and the inability to do much to help him makes me enormously sad.

But knowing the positive spirit of my friend Noah makes me grateful for the people I've met in my life, and the quick response to a little fundraising effort on his behalf fills me with hope.  When I tweeted the site for contributions, several students and teachers immediately retweeted it because people DO care about each other and they DO want to reach out to others.  While we may feel divided right now, humanity is so good, so giving.  With that in mind, I will share the link once more, knowing that people can't give to everything and that there are many causes and that we all have to choose our causes carefully. But I appreciate people caring and sharing.

Thanks, students and teachers of Hebron, for giving me a place of hope to come to everyday.



Friday, February 10, 2017

Gimme Shelter

This is another demo post for the new semester to demonstrate how I'd like you to structure your blog.  It will have 3 parts - intro/progress, body/response to book, closing/connection with link and citations. You may want to plan those parts around a central focus, or you may want to go back and find that focus after you've written, but you should have a title related to a reoccurring idea that ties it all together. Read my blog for instructions, followed by example:

Instructions Part 1- Progress: Describe your progress for the past couple of weeks (since the last time we blogged).  What have you finished? What have you started?  What category of book are you currently reading, and why did you pick it? What obstacles/challenges are you confronting? What goals do you have going forward?

Example Part 1 - Like many of you, I blaze through fiction, especially high interest thrillers, fantasy, and realistic books. In the first few weeks of the semester, I read The Impossible Knife of Memory (heartbreaking realistic fiction about PTSD), and Every Exquisite Thing (humorous, though dark, realistic fiction about a teen who just can't conform to everyone's expectations - must get this one since I borrowed it - so good), and Between Shades of Gray (WWII historical fiction about the relocation of Lithuanians seen as threats to Stalin, many of whom fell victim to brutal work camps). But since I ask all of you to read some nonfiction, I always mix some in, and that slows my progress a bit.  It took me just over two weeks to read Enrique's Journey by Sonia Nazario. Mrs. Cummings brought me this book last year with a strong recommendation, but it sat on my shelf until our recent election, when immigration became a key focus of our new president's policies, an issue that affects some of my friends and students directly. Two of my friends came from Mexico as children to work in fields as undocumented workers. Doing so was not their choice; it was a decision their mother made to save them from starvation.  They are both legal citizens now, contributing to society and raising amazing children.  Another pair of friends came from Pakistan and are also legal citizens, but their parents have work visas, and when their parents' health began to fail and they were unable to work, they faced deportation - deportation to a country that would not be able to help them with their health problems. Again, these are people have worked and contributed to our society for years. In my career, I've undoubtedly taught some undocumented students, and I know here at Hebron I've taught several kids who have gone through the naturalization process.  The United States has long been considered a haven of shelter and refuge, a land of opportunity where people can start a new life, and a melting pot of acceptance.  Many of us know the famous words on the Statue of Liberty, "Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore." But in the modern world, where many feel that immigrants take jobs, burden our social welfare system, and even threaten citizens, that open attitude has shifted. 
I know we need to address the problems of immigration, but I hope we will do so with an understanding that we are talking about people when we talk about immigrants.  Nazario's book doesn't make an argument about immigration; it offers a gritty, disturbing vision of what immigrant children endure to reunite with their mothers in America, and it reminds us that human suffering is happening all over the world with children often suffering the most. 

Instructions Part 2 - Respond to the text, don't summarize.  Discuss what stood out to you, how the information changed your thinking, what it made you wonder about.  Include at least 2 text references in this section, including page citation, that are at least 50 pages apart, and make sure you explain the effect/value of the text sections you quote.

Example Part 2 - Enrique's story begins when his mother leaves Honduras; she is determined to make it to the U.S. so that she can make money to send back to her children. Deserted by her husband, unable to find work, she fears her children have no future unless she seeks a better life, and though she would like to eventually become a legal citizen, with no money and no connections, her only option is to illegally sneak into the U.S. After hiring a smuggler to take her across Mexico, Enrique's mother Lourdes enters the U.S. "at night through a rat-infested Tijuana sewage tunnel and makes her way to Los Angeles" (8). While we debate the practicality of building a wall, immigrants are coming into the country via train, bus, and even sewage tunnel, desperate to escape a bleak future.  Lourdes's actions are in violation of our laws, but to do nothing would be in violation of her responsibility as a parent. She could see no other option. In Honduras, family members will care for her children as long as she sends them money, but had she stayed, she and her children faced the hopeless prospect of scrounging in trash for food and selling plantains or tortillas door to door.  Though I can see the problem with unrestrained immigration, the level of poverty in Central America will continue to push people north, and our efforts will slow the tide, but as long as people are willing to go through sewers to make it to the shelter of America, there is no simple solution. 

Once Enrique's mother leaves, he passes from family member to family member, including a grandmother who cannot handle him once he becomes a teenager, an uncle who gets shot by a gang in Honduras, and a father whose new wife has no interest in helping her husband's estranged son. Feeling abandoned, Enrique sees gang life or leaving as his only two options, and he joins the thousands of children who ride the top of trains through Central America and Mexico to make it to America, the "promised land." This journey is far more treacherous than his mother's nighttime trip through the sewer. He confronts gang members with machetes, police officers who will shoot rather than capture, and train mishaps that have mutilated unfortunate migrants who take one wrong step.  Enrique is repeatedly beaten and/or captured and sent on a bus back to Honduras, but nothing breaks his determination to make it to his mother. In small towns throughout the state of Veracruz in Mexico, for example, an area in which people often live on "less than $2 a day...residents understand that poor people leave their country out of a deep necessity" and many of them "[hand] out food and clothing" or small bits of their own food to the migrants as they pass through on the train (105-106). Their actions are small, but they are moments that may not only offer the migrants the food they need to live, but also the reminder that they too are human and not forgotten or cast out. In one town, an entire church community built a shelter for migrants to rest and clean up on their journey; one priest even "quietly donated the entire amount [of his retirement savings] to buy the land to build the migrant shelter" (114). The generosity of these people may exacerbate the problem, may keep the stream of migrants progressing through Mexico, but driven by human compassion, they see no option but to help. They quote Jesus and his message of helping the "least among us" as their primary motivator.  

Instructions Part 3 - Make a connection to an outside source based on a core idea in the book that caught your interest.  Make sure you link the connection, discuss details from the source, and cite it along with the book. 

We still call ourselves a "Christian" nation despite the separation between religion and government required by our Constitution. In theory, we embrace some notion of a "Christian" mindset, which to me is meant to mirror the mindset of the poor communities in Mexico who give what little they have to help migrants. Admittedly, I know that allowing an endless swell of immigration places strains on our resources, including our education system, but to build a wall and block the problems in Central America from our sight is not a a compassionate solution. As this article demonstrates, when we deport young men back to places like Honduras, they are often gunned down within days of returning.  Can we content ourselves knowing that we send people back to treacherous, often deadly, circumstances?  The article goes on to suggest that denying asylum to those who face grave peril is "in violation of international law" (Brodzinsky)  Note also that these crackdowns on immigration occurred during the previous administration, a time when supposedly immigration was allowed to go unchecked.  (Check the facts: the Obama administration deported more illegal immigrants than any previous administration, but of course Democrats wouldn't trumpet that for fear of losing a powerful Latino voting block, but I digress.)

While current rhetoric implies that the flow of immigrants has been constant, the article goes on to report what many sources have: the number of unaccompanied minors (and immigrants in general) crossing our southern border illegally has dropped sharply.  So is there indeed a need for a wall?  Or for a refugee ban, for that matter?  These are questions that perhaps a little old school teacher should leave to the big guys in Washington, but remember, they work for us, and I DO have the right and the responsibility to ask questions about the decisions our country makes, especially if I fear that those decisions may be more designed to stoke fear than to offer security. We have the ability to vet people and to shelter them from dire threats.  If we wish to maintain our "Christian" spirit, we can find a way to protect our security while also preserving our compassion.



Brodzinsky, Sobilla and Ed Pilkington. "U.S. government deporting Central American 
     immigrants to their deaths." The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/ 
     us-news/2015/oct/12/obama-immigration-deportations-central-america. Accessed 
     8 February 2017.

Nazario, Sonia. Enrique's Journey. Random House, 2007.


"The Rolling Stones Gimme Shelter Live Pop Go the Sixties 1969." YouTube, uploaded by
      rinirioz, 16 Oct. 2010. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBva-z1AsGk